Intergenerational Dharma Negotiation and Hindu Ethical Identity Reconstruction in Rapidly Transforming Social Environments
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55927/ijcet.v5i3.38Keywords:
Dharma, Intergenerational Negotiation, Hindu Ethics, Ethical Identity, Social TransformationAbstract
Rapid social transformation is reshaping how Hindu communities understand, practice, and transmit Dharma, generating intergenerational negotiation between inherited traditions and contemporary social demands. This study examines how Dharma is negotiated across generations and how Hindu ethical identity is reconstructed within rapidly transforming social environments. Using qualitative constructivist grounded theory, data were collected from 28 informants representing younger, adult, and older generations, as well as religious and customary leaders, through in-depth interviews, focus groups, observation, and documentation. Data were analyzed through initial coding, focused coding, constant comparison, and theoretical integration. Findings indicate that Hindu ethical identity is reconstructed through selective retention, reinterpretation, and adaptation of Dharma. Hindu ethical continuity is therefore sustained through adaptive intergenerational negotiation.
References
Allsop, D. B., Chelladurai, J. M., Kimball, E. R., Marks, L. D., & Hendricks, J. J. (2022). Qualitative methods with NVivo software: A practical guide for analyzing qualitative data. Psych, 4(2), 142–159. https://doi.org/10.3390/psych4020013.
Bernhold, Q. S., McCarty, D., & Giles, H. (2022). Relationship satisfaction as a function of perceived similarity in religious and political beliefs and identity accommodation. Journal of Family Communication, 22(4), 363–373. https://doi.org/10.1080/15267431.2022.2069771.
Butler, S. (2024). Young people on social media in a globalized world: Self-optimization in highly competitive and achievement-oriented forms of life. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, 1340605. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1340605.
Chadwin, J. (2023). The lived religious beliefs and experiences of English Hindu teenagers at home and at school. British Journal of Religious Education, 45(3), 251–262. https://doi.org/10.1080/01416200.2023.2184326.
Charmaz, K., & Thornberg, R. (2021). The pursuit of quality in grounded theory. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 18(3), 305–327. https://doi.org/10.1080/14780887.2020.1780357.
de Bruin-Wassinkmaat, A.-M., de Kock, J., Visser-Vogel, E., Bakker, C., & Barnard, M. (2021). Influencing contextual factors in the religious identity development of strict Reformed-raised emerging adults in the Netherlands. Religious Education, 116(4), 383–398. https://doi.org/10.1080/00344087.2021.1939546.
Foley, G., Timonen, V., Conlon, C., & Elliott O’Dare, C. (2021). Interviewing as a vehicle for theoretical sampling in grounded theory. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 20, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406920980957.
Gemar, A. (2023). Parental influence and intergenerational transmission of religious belief, attitudes, and practices: Recent evidence from the United States. Religions, 14(11), 1373. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel14111373.
Hennink, M., & Kaiser, B. N. (2022). Sample sizes for saturation in qualitative research: A systematic review of empirical tests. Social Science & Medicine, 292, 114523. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114523.
Johnson, J. L., Adkins, D., & Chauvin, S. (2020). A review of the quality indicators of rigor in qualitative research. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 84(1), 7120. https://doi.org/10.5688/ajpe7120
Kibria, N., Purkayastha, B., Narayan, A., Khan, K., & Yousaf, F. N. (2021). Living religions across transnational spaces: Experiences of South Asian American Hindu and Muslim women. Contemporary South Asia, 29(2), 243–256. https://doi.org/10.1080/09584935.2021.1915243.
McKim, C. (2023). Meaningful member-checking: A structured approach to member-checking. American Journal of Qualitative Research, 7(2), 41–52. https://doi.org/10.29333/ajqr/12973.
Mehta, S. R. (2022). Strategic belonging: Hindu identity and performance in Oman. Asian Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies, 16(4), 402–416. https://doi.org/10.1080/25765949.2022.2151741.
Ortiz, D. L., & Costigan, C. L. (2022). Religious identity formation of Filipino Canadian youth: Exploring cluster differences in religiosity and mental health. The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 32(2), 150–170. https://doi.org/10.1080/10508619.2021.1952370.
Palar, D. C., & Hewat, B. P. (2024). Changes in Balinese identity and culture as a result of tourism. Santhet: Jurnal Sejarah, Pendidikan dan Humaniora, 8(1), 466–474. https://doi.org/10.36526/js.v3i2.3719.
Sahoo, A. K., & Shome, A. (2021). Negotiating identity in the diaspora: The role of South Asian youth organizations. South Asian Diaspora, 13(1), 99–109. https://doi.org/10.1080/19438192.2020.1767958.
Smith, J. (2021). Transmission of faith in families: The influence of religious ideology. Sociology of Religion, 82(3), 332–356. https://doi.org/10.1093/socrel/sraa045.
Srinivasan, M., & Dahl, A. (2024). To accept or reject? Hindu and Muslim children’s views of religious, moral, and conventional norms. Journal of Cognition and Development, 25(4), 573–601. https://doi.org/10.1080/15248372.2024.2346105.
Subawa, I. B. G. (2024). Agama Hindu dan budaya Bali: Warisan luhur dalam kehidupan modern. Kamaya: Jurnal Ilmu Agama, 7(4), 104–113. https://doi.org/10.37329/kamaya.v7i4.3805.
Sudirga, I. K., Hood, M. M., & Yulianti, N. K. D. (2024). Strengthening ideological values through pasantian singing: Problematizing the nexus between local cultural practices and globality in Bali. Jurnal Kajian Bali (Journal of Bali Studies), 14(2), 348–372. https://doi.org/10.24843/JKB.2024.v14.i02.p03.
Vikdahl, L., & Liljestrand, J. (2020). Conditions for identity development among religious immigrant youth. Journal of Beliefs & Values, 42(3), 315–332. https://doi.org/10.1080/13617672.2020.1836785.
Wei, M. (2024). Mediatization of religion and its impact on youth identity formation in contemporary China. Religions, 15(3), 268. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel15030268.
