From Proclamation to Dialogue: Reconstructing the Cross-Cultural Mission of Christianity in Christian Religious Education
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55927/ijcet.v5i1.10Keywords:
Christian Cross-Cultural Mission, Christian Religious Education, Dialogic Communication, Social Reconciliation, Missio DeiAbstract
This study explores how to rebuild cross-cultural Christian missions in Indonesia from a monologic proclamation paradigm to a dialogic approach. This study uses a qualitative approach with a review of the latest theological, pedagogical, and social literature. It starts from the reality of religious and cultural pluralism and the sensitivity of the issue of mission in public spaces. The analysis shows that the one-way proclamation paradigm also keeps stereotypes alive, makes people resistant to Christianity, and makes it harder for students to have conversations. This article suggests a framework for Christian Religious Education (CRE) principles that is based on God's mission, incarnational, dialogical, and focused on restoring social relationships. It does this by combining the ideas of missio Dei, interkultural mission, dialogical communication, and social reconciliation.
References
Antognazza, M. R. (2024). Religious Belief I. 236–248. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198831518.003.0015.
Agustinus. (1955). De Trinitate (W. J. Burghardt, Trans.). Newman Press. (Original work published 398).
Astore, R. A. (2022). Descartes and Spinoza on the Perfection of God: A Contrast. International Journal of Theology Philosophy and Science, 6(10), 5–14. https://doi.org/10.26520/ijtps.2022.6.10.5-14.
Audi, R. (2020). Epistemology: A contemporary introduction to the theory of knowledge (4th ed.). Routledge.
Bishop, S. (2025). Kuyperania in 2021and 2023: An Overview of English-Language Works on Kuyper. Koers - Bulletin for Christian Scholarship, 90(1). https://doi.org/10.19108/koers.90.1.2606.
Calvin, J. (1960). Institutes of the Christian religion (J. T. McNeill, Ed.; F. L. Battles, Trans.). Westminster Press. (Original work published 1559).
Carnap, R. (1967). The logical structure of the world. Open Court. (Original work published 1928).
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (4th ed.). Sage.
Comte, A. (1974). The course of positive philosophy. Franklin Library. (Original work published 1848).
Cotherman, C. E. (2021). To Think Christianly: A History of l’Abri. Perspectives on Science and Christian Faith, 73(3), 186–187. https://doi.org/10.56315/pscf9-21cotherman.
Descartes, R. (1984). Meditations on first philosophy (J. Cottingham, Trans.). Cambridge University Press. (Original work published 1641).
Dockery, D. S. (2008). Renewing minds: Serving church and society through Christian higher education. B&H Academic.
Gardner, S. (1999). Routledge philosophy guidebook to Kant and the Critique of Pure Reason. Routledge.
Ghimire, S. (2014). Comparing “East” and “West” on the basis of epistemological paradigms. Tribhuvan University.
Gilson, E. (1960). The Christian philosophy of St. Augustine. Random House.
Gobbo, W. J. (2023). Christian Education, Quo Vadis? Religions, 14(8), 977. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel14080977.
Holmes, A. F. (1987). All truth is God’s truth. Eerdmans.
Hume, D. (2000). A treatise of human nature (D. Norton & M. Norton, Eds.). Oxford University Press. (Original work published 1739).
Jundis, R. R., & Bergantino, D. C. (2025). Bridging epistemology: Western and Eastern comparative philosophy. Saint Paul Seminary Foundation.
Kant, I. (1998). Critique of pure reason (P. Guyer & A. W. Wood, Trans.). Cambridge University Press. (Original work published 1781).
Knight, G. R. (2006). Philosophy & education: An introduction in Christian perspective (4th ed.). Andrews University Press.
Kuyper, A. (2015). Lectures on Calvinism. Hendrickson Publishers. (Original work published 1898).
Lamusu, N. F. H., Hunawa, K. N., Hasim, H., & Bumulo, F. (2025). Eksplorasi Filsafat Ilmu. Indonesian Research Journal on Education, 5(4). https://doi.org/10.31004/irje.v5i4.2048.
Leibniz, G. W. (1981). New essays on human understanding (P. Remnant & J. Bennett, Eds.). Cambridge University Press. (Original work published 1704).
Lete, R. N. S., & Lawalata, M. (2024). Pentingnya Filsafat Bagi Ilmu Pendidikan Agama Kristen. Jurnal Budi Pekerti Agama Kristen Dan Katolik, 2(2), 83–98. https://doi.org/10.61132/jbpakk.v2i2.317.
Locke, J. (1975). An essay concerning human understanding (P. Nidditch, Ed.). Clarendon Press. (Original work published 1690).
MacIntyre, A. (2007). After virtue (3rd ed.). University of Notre Dame Press. (Original work published 1981).
Marbun, L., & Saragih, J. R. P. (2022). Kajian Filosofis Pendidikan Agama Kristen Dalam Kehidupan Orang Percaya Di Era Posmodern. Sikip Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Kristen, 3(2), 106–114. https://doi.org/10.52220/sikip.v3i2.149.
Morrison, J. L. (2024). The Power of Participating Partnership With Profound Perception: A Practical Approach to Decision Making and Problem Solving. Religions, 15(1), 80. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel15010080.
Neels, G. (2021). Interpreting the Probabilities in Plantinga’s Evolutionary Argument Against Naturalism. International Journal for Philosophy of Religion, 91(3), 163–175. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11153-021-09818-7.
Pasaribu, J., & Pasaribu, S. (2024). Penerapan Hermeneutika Kognitif Pada Pendidikan Agama Kristen Upaya Pemahaman Alkitab Masa Kini. Rei Mai Jurnal Ilmu Teologi Dan Pendidikan Kristen, 2(1), 11–22. https://doi.org/10.69748/jrm.v2i1.91.
Piteo, S. E. M. (2023). Social and Emotional Learning: Integrating a Catholic Christian Framework. Integratus, 1(3), 213–244. https://doi.org/10.1521/intg.2023.1.3.213.
Popper, K. (2002). The logic of scientific discovery. Routledge. (Original work published 1959).
Plantinga, A. (1993). Warrant and proper function. Oxford University Press.
Primarni, A., Masuwd, M., Makmudi, M., Fa’atin, S., & Nuhdi, A. (2025). The Implementation of the Theoretical Humanism Paradigm in Holistic Education. Journal of Research in Instructional, 5(1), 199–209. https://doi.org/10.30862/jri.v5i1.601.
Primus, K. (2022). Part v of Spinoza’s Ethics: Intuitive Knowledge, Contentment of Mind, and Intellectual Love of God. Philosophy Compass, 17(6). https://doi.org/10.1111/phc3.12838.
Radianto, E. (2023). Interpetasi Modern Tentang Teori Dan Filosofis Penelitian. Kritis, 32(1), 56–74. https://doi.org/10.24246/kritis.v32i1p56-74.
Riawan, R., & Lawalata, M. (2024). Filsafat Dan Iman: Memahami Kebenaran Mutlak Dalam Teologi Kristen. Jurnal Silih Asah, 1(2), 23–35. https://doi.org/10.54765/silihasah.v1i2.22.
Rouleau, A. M. (2023). Lessons From Insiders: Embracing Subjectivity as Objectivity in Victimology. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/4txg7.
Semyonov, V. Ye. (2023). Kant and Marburg School. Rudn Journal of Philosophy, 27(3), 541–555. https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-2302-2023-27-3-541-555.
Spinoza, B. (2001). Ethics (E. Curley, Ed. & Trans.). Penguin. (Original work published 1677).
Sidabutar, H. (2024). Ekumenisme Dan Praksis Gereja Lokal: Memperkuat Kesatuan Dan Keragaman Dalam Bingkai Teologi Kristen. Jurnal Teruna Bhakti, 6(2), 189. https://doi.org/10.47131/jtb.v6i2.126.
Tnunay, P., & Boiliu, N. I. (2025). Integrasi Berpikir Kritis Dalam Pendidikan Agama Kristen: Membentuk Karakter Dan Moral Kristiani Melalui Pendekatan Interdisipliner. Immanuel Jurnal Teologi Dan Pendidikan Kristen, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.46305/im.v6i2.448.
Vargas-Mariño, A. F. (2021). Decolonising Science to Open Spaces of Epistemic Justice. The Usmeka System of Thought. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/27ft4.
Van Brummelen, H. (2009). Walking with God in the classroom: Christian approaches to teaching and learning. Purposeful Design Publications.
Vanhoozer, K. (2014). Faith speaking understanding: Performing the drama of doctrine. Westminster John Knox Press.
Wolterstorff, N. (1984). Reason within the bounds of religion (2nd ed.). Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing.
